|
|
|
TEMPS |
CHRONOLOGIE
de l'évolution du vivant, du Big Bang
à nos jours et au-delà |
|
|
Années |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-13,8 |
milliards |
Big Bang |
Naissance de l'univers |
|
ou d'un multivers ??? |
|
|
|
|
|
-13,5 |
milliards |
Naissance des étoiles |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-4,57 |
milliards |
Formation du
soleil |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-4,54 |
milliards |
HADEEN |
|
|
Formation
de la Terre |
|
|
|
|
|
-4,52 |
milliards |
|
|
|
Formation de la lune |
|
|
|
|
|
-4,4 |
milliards |
|
|
|
Formation
de l'Hydrosphère |
Formation des océans |
Formation
de la croûte terrestre |
|
|
4,28 |
|
|
|
|
|
Plus anciennes formes de vie |
|
|
|
4,1 |
milliards |
|
|
|
Bombardements météoriques et cométaires pendant 200 millions
d'années |
|
|
-4 |
milliards |
ARCHEEN |
Eoarchéen |
|
|
|
3,9 |
milliards |
|
|
|
|
|
Apparition de la tectonique des plaques |
|
|
|
3,8 |
milliards |
|
|
|
|
Apparition des premières cellules - température de surface : entre 40 et 80° |
|
|
|
|
-3,6 |
milliards |
|
Paléoarchéen |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-3,2 |
milliards |
|
Mésoarchéen |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-2,8 |
milliards |
|
Néoarchéens |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-2,5 |
milliards |
PROTEROZOÏQUE |
Paléoprotérozoïque |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,45 |
|
|
|
|
|
Apparition
de la photosynthèse oxygénique |
|
|
|
2,4 |
milliards |
|
|
|
Glaciation
huronienne pendant 300 millions d'années |
|
|
2,1 |
|
|
|
|
|
Apparition des premiers
organismes multicellulaires |
|
|
|
|
-1,6 |
milliards |
|
Mésoprotérozoïque |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--1 |
milliard |
|
Néoprotérozoïque |
|
|
Supercontinent la Rodinia |
|
|
-720 |
millions |
|
|
|
Glaciation
sturtienne pendant 70 millions d'années |
|
|
-650 |
millions |
|
|
|
|
|
-635 |
millions |
|
|
|
Glaciation
marinoenne pendant 15 millions d'années |
|
|
-600 |
millions |
|
|
|
|
Supercontinent la Pannotia |
|
|
-541 |
millions |
PHANEROZOÏQUE |
Paléozoïque |
P |
Cambrien |
Explosion
de la biodiversité |
|
|
-530 |
millions |
|
|
r |
|
|
Premiers poissons |
|
|
|
|
-485 |
millions |
|
|
i |
Ordovicien |
Inférieur |
Premières plantes terrestres |
|
|
|
|
-470 |
millions |
|
|
m |
|
Moyen |
|
|
|
|
|
-458 |
millions |
|
|
a |
|
Supérieur |
1ère Extinction massive Ordovicien-Silurien |
|
|
-443 |
millions |
|
|
i |
Silurien |
Liandovery |
|
|
-433 |
millions |
|
|
r |
|
Wenlock |
|
|
|
|
|
-427 |
millions |
|
|
e |
|
Ludlow |
|
|
|
|
|
-423 |
millions |
|
|
|
|
Pridoli |
|
|
|
|
|
-419 |
millions |
|
|
|
Dévonien |
Inférieur |
Premiers requins |
|
|
|
|
-400 |
millions |
|
|
|
|
|
Premiers insectes |
|
|
|
|
-375 |
|
|
|
|
|
Moyen |
Sortie des eaux |
Tiktaalik |
Premiers amphibiens |
|
|
-370 |
millions |
|
|
|
|
Supérieur |
2ème Extinction massive Dévonien-Carbonifère |
|
|
-359 |
millions |
|
|
|
Carbonifère |
Pennsylvanien |
|
|
-323 |
millions |
|
|
|
|
Mississippien |
|
|
|
|
|
-299 |
millions |
|
|
|
Permien |
Cisuralien |
|
|
|
|
|
-290 |
millions |
|
|
|
|
|
Supercontinent la Pangée |
|
|
-272 |
millions |
|
|
|
|
Guadalupien |
|
|
|
|
|
|
-260 |
millions |
|
|
|
|
Lopingien |
|
|
|
|
|
-252 |
millions |
|
Mésozoïque |
S |
Trias |
Inférieur |
3ème Extinction massive Permien-Trias |
|
|
-247 |
millions |
|
|
e |
|
Moyen |
|
|
|
|
-235 |
millions |
|
|
c |
|
Supérieur |
|
|
|
|
|
-230 |
millions |
|
|
o |
|
|
Premiers dinosaures |
|
|
|
|
-201 |
millions |
|
|
n |
Jurassique |
Inférieur |
4ème Extinction massive Trias-Jurassique |
|
|
-200 |
millions |
|
|
d |
|
|
Dislocation du supercontinent la Pangée |
|
|
-182 |
millions |
|
|
a |
|
Moyen |
Formation
de l'Océan Atlantique |
|
|
-163,5 |
millions |
|
|
i |
|
Supérieur |
|
|
|
|
|
-150 |
millions |
|
|
r |
Crétacé |
Inférieur |
Premiers oiseaux à plumes |
|
|
|
|
-135 |
millions |
|
|
e |
|
|
Premières plantes à fleurs |
|
|
|
|
-120 |
millions |
|
|
|
|
|
Insectes
sociaux. Termites, fourmis, abeilles |
|
|
|
-100.5 |
millions |
|
|
|
|
Supérieur |
|
|
|
|
-70 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Premiers primates |
|
|
|
|
-66 |
millions |
|
Cénozoïque |
T |
Paléogène |
Paléocène |
5ème Extinction massive Crétacé-Paléogène |
|
|
-65 |
millions |
|
|
e |
|
|
Extinction des dinosaures |
|
|
|
|
-56 |
millions |
|
|
r |
|
Éocène |
|
|
|
|
|
-50 |
|
|
|
t |
|
|
Premiers singes |
|
|
|
|
-33,9 |
millions |
|
|
i |
|
Oligocène |
|
|
|
|
|
-23 |
millions |
|
|
a |
Néogène |
Miocène |
|
|
|
|
|
-7 |
|
|
|
I |
|
|
Séparation d'avec les chimpanzés |
Homme de Toumaï |
|
|
|
-5,33 |
millions |
|
|
r |
|
Pliocène |
Lignée humaine |
|
Nos plus
proches cousins |
|
|
-4,5 |
millions |
|
|
e |
|
|
Australopithèques |
|
|
|
|
-2,8 |
millions |
|
|
|
|
|
Homo habilis |
Taille des silex |
|
|
|
-2,58 |
millions |
|
|
|
Quaternaire |
Pléistocène |
|
|
|
|
|
-2 |
millions |
|
|
|
|
|
Homo érectus |
Langage articulé, |
|
|
|
-450 000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Homme de Tautavel |
|
|
|
|
-300 000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Homo sapiens |
|
|
|
|
-100 000 |
|
|
|
|
|
L'Homme moderne hors d'Afrique |
|
|
|
|
-70 000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Rencontre
avec Néandertal |
|
|
|
|
-60 000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Ancêtres des Pygmées en Afrique |
|
|
|
|
-50 000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Colonisation de l'Australie |
|
|
|
|
-40 000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Homo sapiens arrive en Europe |
Homme de Denisova |
Homme de Florès |
|
|
-15 000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Découverte de l'Amérique |
|
|
|
|
-11 700 |
|
|
|
|
Holocène |
6ème Extinction massive de l'Holocène qui continue
actuellement |
|
|
-10 000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Invention de l'agriculture |
Invention
de l'élevage |
|
|
-6 000 |
|
|
|
|
|
L'agriculture arrive en Europe |
|
|
|
|
-3 000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Otzi surgi des glaces |
Rencontre
Pygmées-Bantous |
|
|
-1 000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Des navigateurs en Polynésie |
Chevauchée des Scythes |
|
|
|
800 à 1000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Les vikings colonisent l'Islande |
|
|
|
|
1492 |
|
|
|
|
|
Les Européens en Amérique |
|
|
|
|
1600 à 1848 |
|
|
|
|
|
Migrations forcées des esclaves |
|
|
|
|
1900 |
|
|
|
|
Anthropocène? |
|
|
|
|
|
2015 |
|
|
|
|
|
250
millions de migrants dans le monde |
|
|
|
+250 |
millions? |
|
|
|
|
|
Supercontinent
la Pangée prochaine |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retour |
|
|
|
Accompagnement musical : Connexion à l'Univers |
|
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